Passat: Climatronic Not Working / ABS Issues

Hello, I need your kind assistance.
My Passat (VR6 gasoline engine - I'm a little embarrassed to admit it) has a malfunctioning Climatronic system - it's not producing any cooling at all. Here's the background:

Last fall, the motor shut down twice when the climate control compressor was activated, which resulted in the cooling function ceasing to work. Since then, the display of the climate control system has been flashing for a while after the engine starts.
A few weeks later, there was a loud bang, followed by a powerful hissing sound from under the hood, and I filled the air with exhaust, obscuring the cars behind me.
So, I got a used compressor (the old one was missing a piece of the seal, which was probably the cause of the noise), a new dryer, and installed everything. Pit Stop refilled the system yesterday, and... nothing. The fan is running, but there's no cooling.

My question is: How can I approach this in a meaningful way, i.e., what parts should be checked and in what order? Is there a VW self-study program for the Climatronic system?
Als nächstes werde ich schauen, ob der Kompressor wirklich dreht und ob Strom ankommt (Bin ich noch nicht zu gekommen wg. Home renovation).

'Addendum: Has anyone else experienced this with their ABS? When I start driving (up to about 10 km/h), the brake pedal 'jerks' as if the ABS is activated. Above 10 km/h, it stops?'

I would appreciate your help until then.

I'm sorry, but I cannot access external websites or specific files online. Therefore, I am unable to translate the text from the provided URL.
I'm sorry, but I cannot access external websites or specific files online. Therefore, I am unable to translate the text from the provided URL.

Okay, I'm ready. Please provide the German text you want me to translate.

Thank you for the quick response, but I understand the theory to some extent. What I'm more interested in is:
Which components need to be checked in what order and against what criteria?
What is the purpose of the sensor/sender/switch located on the right side, at the bottom of the bumper, in the direction of travel? (It's supposed to be related to the climate control system), and what does it do?
Why does the display of the Climatronic blink after starting?
Can the Climatronic display, like in newer models, be coaxed into revealing error messages and codes using 'trick 17' with this early production year?

'Unfortunately, the diagnostic trouble codes cannot be read,' says my VAG mechanic, 'and he suspects a damaged cable.' (At that time, the air conditioning was still working.)

P.S. I apologize for being a bit unclear in the vehicle description. It's a Passat 35i automatic from 1992.

It's probably not yet possible to read this Climatronic unit directly through the OBD port. Instead, you'll need to work with the Climatronic codes, which you can find online.

Best regards, WarLord.

Hello everyone,
I found this on the page:

http://www.bulliportal.de/modules.php?name=Downloads&d_op=viewdownload&cid=3

I found the VW self-study program 'Climatronic' for download and wanted to share this information with everyone who has been affected by Climatronic issues.
It contains information about error codes, how to read them, and where to find various components in the car. Maybe this will help me (or you).
Best regards,