Yes.
Sure, there's something wrong.
Don't forget, it's a V6 TDI engine, which is inherently prone to mass airflow sensor (MAF) failures.
The mass airflow sensors were all measured BEFORE the replacement and diagnosed as having significantly lower-than-expected values.
After a new mass airflow sensor (MAF) was installed, the air mass was measured again, and values significantly above the minimum threshold of 850 mg were recorded.
Subjectively, the change was always noticeable through a feeling of 'new power,' reduced fuel consumption, and more even acceleration.
I've also wondered if maybe I'm just not smart enough to drive, that these things always break down; but the car isn't even modified, and except for a faulty AGR valve, everything else is original and brand new! (The engine now has about 40,000 km, the ESP has about 10,000 km, and the turbocharger was just replaced today).
The entire hose system has already been pressure-tested and checked for leaks (using overpressure and a pressure gauge); therefore, nothing is lost in that regard. As a precaution, the hose between the mass airflow sensor (MAF) and the turbocharger was replaced due to the beginning of crack formation under the hose clamp (although there were no actual leaks), but that didn't change anything either.
I want to almost completely eliminate the possibility that air is bypassing the mass airflow sensor somewhere.
Well, let's see how long this one lasts...

Stefan.
P.S.: When the warranty expires, I'll buy something Japanese...