Unfortunately, I don't have a good idea either, aside from Kossmann's ESP theory.
The "MSG defekt" error doesn't quite fit with that. A side question: Was the reading done with a current VCDS version? Older versions from "other sources" sometimes provide error messages that don't match the error code

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If needed: I have a working ESP (Electronic Stability Program) module from an AHU engine (the 1Z successor) that I want to sell (my Golf has been sold a long time ago, so I want to get rid of the spare parts). If needed: Please send me a private message or email to my username at GMX.de.
Greetings.
Guste.