TDI 1Z Won't Start: Troubleshooting & Fixes

My Passat 1Z TDI, manufactured in 1994, won't start.
He coughs briefly, and then there's no more smoke, but it's a nice, white smoke coming from the exhaust, indicating unburnt diesel, but it's not actually starting. The glow plug fuse was blown, and 3 glow plugs were faulty.
Broken. A spark plug has cracked near the top (likely due to overheating or a faulty injector).
After replacing the glow plugs, the engine still won't start.
"The Hall sensor shows continuity when measured, which means that if the speed sensor is not working, the system may generate a substitute signal. The ELAB sensor is also easily triggered and opens. I have not yet measured the inductive speed sensor."
The only other crucial signal that the EDC needs is the position of the quantity setting device.
To ensure proper injection, or have I forgotten something?
I have now disconnected the plugs from the EP and performed a resistance measurement.
I have continuity on pins 2, 1, 6, 5, 1, 3, 3, and 2, on the pump side.
I measured the voltage with the ignition on, and it was 1u6-9.2V.
1u4-2.48V 1u5-9.2V 1u7-1.88V Pin 1 is a negative supply for all except for...
Measurement procedure for 1u4: Pin 1 is positive.

"Does anyone with diesel expertise have any idea what the pin configuration is for the connector on the 1Z fuel pump? Which pin is for the actuator motor and which is for the potentiometer?"
Does the 94 model perhaps no longer have a potentiometer, but instead an HDK sensor?

Does anyone have any suggestions, ideas, or knowledge about applying pin coatings?

Thank you in advance!!
Tread...

tread wrote:

He coughs briefly, and then there's no more smoke, but what's coming out the back is a nice, white color, like unburned diesel, but it's not really coming out. After replacing the glow plugs, the engine still won't start. I have now disconnected the plugs from the EP and performed a resistance measurement...

It probably wasn't necessary, because if it smells like diesel from the back, it's being injected.

Have you checked the notorious ZR gear on the crankshaft for proper seating and rotation?

Otherwise, please review the rest of the article from the "Start-up" section.

Quote:

Does the 94 model perhaps no longer have a potentiometer, but instead an HDK sensor?

That's right!

ZR gear? Is that located on the front side of the engine, or somewhere else?

Did I do something in the wrong order? Should I have changed the glow plugs first, and then dealt with the white, unburnt diesel smoke?

tread wrote:

ZR gear? Is that located on the front side of the engine? Or somewhere else?

Timing belt gear.
The search function brings clarity...