Okay, got it... I've tried it, and no matter which encoding is accepted, the sound remains muffled, even when playing from a CD.

It seems like the problem is internal to the device.
Positive: The navigation system is working again; I simply tested it by plugging in my old navigation antenna, which happened to fit the connector - and now it works again.
While removing the storage compartment above the radio/navigation system in order to actually route the GPS antenna cables forward, I discovered a hidden space at the front of the storage compartment, where the GPS antenna was "hidden," which is good.
Now, the original roof antenna is just a decorative piece.
NA,Gehörlose wie ich können auch Schrauben! Ihr HÖRT ich FÜHLE! T3 TD EX-JX Jetzt 1Z mit 122PS und Renaultgetriebe Golf II TD Bj 84 512Tkm Passi 35I 1Z 468Tkm--> Seat Toledo AHF-- Toledo ARL 477Tkm mit Spritspartuning

99er T4 Syncro-Cross 100800km grad eingefahren