The larger of the two coolant fans is definitely broken. The fuses are okay, and the ground connection is fine. The smaller fan (connected in parallel) is working on both speeds.
"Question: How do I replace the fans? Is there anything specific to be aware of with the ARL (large intercooler in front of the coolant radiator), or is it as straightforward as with other TDI models?"
Okay, thank you! I was already afraid that half of the front of the car would have to be taken apart again (like it recently had to be when the air conditioning condenser was replaced).
"Working on the ARL is a lot of fun... unfortunately, it's quite cramped in the engine bay."
Best regards from the Westerwald region...