Thank you for the response...
I've now delved a bit deeper.
As it appears, there is a small circuit board with a controller chip on the back wiper motor PCB. The corresponding component is located in the relay. Therefore, the wires will be +,- and the two control wires, similar to CAN-High and CAN-Low. I don't think this is really a CAN bus, rather a slightly simpler system.
The engine is perfectly fine, but the small circuit board seems to be faulty, and this is likely a common issue with VW. The rear wiper motor is probably sold quite often. There is likely also a newer revision.
I was lucky enough to try out a motor from another vehicle, and it works perfectly for me, so it's definitely the rear wiper motor as a complete unit.
Unfortunately, I'm unable to separate the small circuit board into individual components.
In my opinion, the only annoying thing is that the wiper only does what wipers have been doing for thirty years or more, and it's been unnecessarily equipped with electronics.
An OBD-fault diagnosis seems to not have been carried out, so what's the point?
If it were manufactured in a conventional way, I could now save the new part.
Unfortunately...
Well, I now know the problem and am considering whether or not to buy a new one...
Thank you anyway for the response and best regards from the north...