So, now it's time to replace the microswitches, which are still the original ones

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That's how those things are. You probably still have the lock in mind. I don't want to lie, but I seem to remember there being 3 microswitches. These all check the state of the door and report it back.
To understand how it works, take a VW car where everything is accessible, leave the driver's door open, and press the buttons on the dashboard.
If you have this problem, you can use VAG COM to see it directly. Otherwise, you'll have to disassemble the lock again and replace the faulty component.