While I can't provide definitive answers since I'm not familiar with VAG-COM, a multimeter and oscilloscope can reveal almost everything!
If it goes to '9' under load, then positive numbers should indicate an earlier injection start (which, for me personally, seems illogical

).
Given your uncertainty, I would suggest connecting a VAG-COM diagnostic tool, checking the injection timing, and then disconnecting the solenoid valve for injection timing control. The value displayed then will represent an earlier injection timing (and the engine knocking should also be audible!).